History of International Ice Patrol: The International Ice Patrol is an organization with the purpose of monitoring the presence of icebergs in the Atlantic and. SSIC 16150 ICE OPERATIONS RECORDS. Records of the International Ice Patrol (liP) Name of System: Iceberg Analysis and Prediction System (SAPS). Coast Guard International Ice Patrol Once Again Remembers Those Lost on Titanic On a cold but sunny April 15th over the treacherous iceberg invested waters of. Titanic and the International Ice Patrol » Coast Guard Modeling. Present. From the earliest journeys into the North Atlantic, icebergs have threatened vessels. A review of the history of navigation prior to the turn of the century shows an impressive number of casualties occurred in the vicinity of the Grand Banks. Between 1. 88. 2 and 1. From the earliest journeys into the North Atlantic, icebergs have threatened vessels. A review of the history of navigation prior to the turn of the.International Ice Patrol Tracks Bergs. Each spring and summer the cold Labrador Current carries Arctic icebergs south into the shipping lanes between Europe and North. The International Ice Patrol (IIP) has been collecting information on iceberg activity in the North Atlantic since 1913. This database contains the data from these. At 0. 93. 0 1. 0 April 1. White Star liner RMS Titanic at Southampton, England. Titanic was the largest passenger liner of its time displacing 6. The vessel had been built with the latest safety design, featuring compartmentation and such innovations as automatically closing water- tight doors. These features had given it the reputation of being unsinkable. When a tremulous female passenger asked a dockhand if that was true, the dockhand is reported to have said, “God Himself could not sink this ship.” At noon, the ship, commanded by Captain Alfred E. Smith, set sail on its maiden voyage, bound for New York. She carried 2,2. 28 passengers and crew. If fully booked, she would have carried about 3,3. At 2. 33. 9 1. 4 April, after receiving numerous reports of ice along its intended route, Titanic was steaming at 2. Grand Banks of Newfoundland. Suddenly, lookouts reported an iceberg dead ahead about 5. Thirty- seven seconds later the ship collided with the iceberg on its starboard side. The impact, although jarring to the crew down in the forward area, was not noticed by many of the passengers. At midnight, Smith was notified by his damage control personnel that the ship would only stay afloat for a couple of hours. Smith ordered all passengers to abandon ship, but there are only enough lifeboats for about 1,7. Smith ordered his radio operators to broadcast a distress signal, but, operating under the regulations of the day, many other vessels had secured their wireless operations earlier in the evening. Smith ordered rockets launched to attract attention. Several ships in the vicinity saw the rockets, but mistook them for a fireworks display to entertain the passengers. Lifeboats, designed to carry 6. By 0. 22. 0 1. 5 April, Titanic had sunk taking 1,5. The US Navy immediately assigned the Scout Cruisers Chester and Birmingham to patrol the Grand Banks and report iceberg positions for the remainder of 1. In 1. 91. 3, the Navy could not spare ships for this purpose, so the Revenue Cutter Service assumed responsibility, assigning the Cutters Seneca and Miami to conduct the patrol. The sheer dimensions of the Titanic disaster galvanized public reaction on both sides of the Atlantic. As a result, sweeping changes were made in laws regulating sea travel. The first Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Convention, held in November 1. It also provided for the inauguration of an international derelict- destruction, ice observation, and ice patrol service, consisting of vessels, which would patrol the ice regions during the season of iceberg danger and attempt to keep the trans- Atlantic lanes clear of derelicts during the remainder of the year. The major maritime nations agreed to fund the organization and, because of the experience gained in 1. U. S. On 7 February 1. RCS was officially tasked by President Wilson to staff the International Ice Observation and Ice Patrol Service. The second International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea was convened in London on 1. April 1. 92. 9. As a result of this convention, Congress enacted legislation on 2. June 1. 93. 6, formally requiring the Commandant of the Coast Guard to administer the International Ice Observation and Ice Patrol Service (Chap. USC 1. 92. 2) and describing in general fashion the manner in which this service was to be performed. From its inception until the beginning of World War II, the Ice Patrol was conducted from two surface patrol cutters alternating surveillance patrols of the southern ice limits. In 1. 93. 1 and thereafter a third ship was assigned to Ice Patrol to perform oceanographic observations in the vicinity of the Grand Banks. After World War II, aerial surveillance became the primary ice reconnaissance method with surface patrols phased out except during unusually heavy ice years or extended periods of reduced visibility. The aircraft have distinct advantages for ice reconnaissance providing much greater coverage in a relatively short period of time. From 1. 94. 6 until 1. Ice Patrol offices, operations center and reconnaissance aircraft were based at the Coast Guard Air Detachment Argentia, Newfoundland during the ice season. Due to changing operational commitments and financial constraints the Coast Guard Argentia Air Detachment closed in 1. Ice Patrol headquarters and operations center moved to Governors Island, New York where they remained until October 1. Today the International Ice Patrol is located at the Coast Guard Research and Development Center in Groton, Connecticut. The ice reconnaissance detachment continued to work out of Argentia until 1. Canadian Forces Base at Summerside, Prince Edward Island. In 1. 97. 3, this detachment, usually comprised of 1. HC- 1. 30 aircraft, moved to St. John’s Newfoundland to be closer to the patrol area. The detachment relocated to Gander, Newfoundland in 1. St. Satellites are playing in increasingly larger role in detection. Since the start of IIP operations, no ship has been lost or damaged by ice outside of the broadcast limits of all known ice. The IIP broadcast for 1. April always ends with the salute, “RMS Titanic, 1. April 1. 91. 2, 4.
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